Emabozbk.php - PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites. It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server. PHP is pleasingly zippy in its execution ...

 
لغة PHP (والتي هي اختصارٌ تعاودي للعبارة PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) هي لغةٌ مفتوحة المصدر شائعة الاستخدام لها مجال استخدامٍ عامٍ لكنها تناسب تطوير الويب ودمج لغة HTML معها. الذي يُميّز PHP عن الشيفرات التي .... Taliercio

PHP User Defined Functions. Besides the built-in PHP functions, it is possible to create your own functions. A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program. A function will not execute automatically when a page loads. A function will be executed by a call to the function.PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites. It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, and ... Get 2,077 PHP website templates on ThemeForest such as Velonic - PHP Admin & Dashboard Template, Spruha - PHP Bootstrap Admin & Dashboard Template, Adminto - PHP Admin Dashboard TemplateJun 15, 2022 · Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once. pub 2048R/31CBD89E 2016-12-08 Key fingerprint = 5289 95BF EDFB A719 1D46 839E F9BA 0ADA 31CB D89E uid Joe Watkins <[email protected]> pub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [SC] [expires: 2025-11-24] 39B6 4134 3D8C 104B 2B14 6DC3 F9C3 9DC0 B969 8544 uid [ultimate] Ben Ramsey <[email protected]> sub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [E] [expires: 2025-11-24] pub rsa4096 2021-04-01 [SC] F1F6 9223 8FBC 1666 E5A5 CCD4 199F 9DFE F6FF ...PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ». PHP echo and print Statements. echo and print are more or less the same. They are both used to output data to the screen. The differences are small: echo has no return value while print has a return value of 1 so it can be used in expressions. echo can take multiple parameters (although such usage is rare) while print can take one argument ...There are plenty of form validator tools and frameworks out there (including native HTML5 validation), but I have used the “Bootstrap Validator” as it nicely integrates with our current form. The project structure should now look something like this: 1. Bootstrap-Form: 2. ├── css/. 3. ├── bootstrap.min.css. 4.Dec 23, 2022 · 3. GooTA- Personal Portfolio HTML Template + PHP Full Functional Application. (no longer available) GooTA is a creative template created especially for blogs and portfolios. It was designed using the latest version of Bootstrap so it’s fully responsive and mobile-friendly. This is not what PHP references are. Instead, all PHP variables are actually references to an internal type called a zval. You cannot directly manipulate zvals in PHP, and nor can you make extra layers of indirection - every variable is a reference to a zval, and that's it. (See caveat: objects below.)Aug 1, 2023 · Escape sequences. The backslash character has several uses. Firstly, if it is followed by a non-alphanumeric character, it takes away any special meaning that character may have. This use of backslash as an escape character applies both inside and outside character classes. For example, if you want to match a "*" character, you write "\*" in ... Aug 1, 2023 · You can also call the script from the command line after chmod'ing the file (ie: chmod 755 file.php). On your first line of the file, enter "#!/usr/bin/php" (or to wherever your php executable is located). If you want to suppress the PHP headers, use the line of "#!/usr/bin/php -q" for your path. up. down. PHP echo and print Statements. echo and print are more or less the same. They are both used to output data to the screen. The differences are small: echo has no return value while print has a return value of 1 so it can be used in expressions. echo can take multiple parameters (although such usage is rare) while print can take one argument ...Dec 23, 2022 · 3. GooTA- Personal Portfolio HTML Template + PHP Full Functional Application. (no longer available) GooTA is a creative template created especially for blogs and portfolios. It was designed using the latest version of Bootstrap so it’s fully responsive and mobile-friendly. Get 2,077 PHP website templates on ThemeForest such as Velonic - PHP Admin & Dashboard Template, Spruha - PHP Bootstrap Admin & Dashboard Template, Adminto - PHP Admin Dashboard TemplatePHP frameworks offer several benefits, making them a compelling choice for web developers. Firstly, PHP frameworks offer a structured approach to development with pre-built components, streamlining the process, accelerating project completion, and enhancing productivity. Secondly, using a PHP framework can contribute to cost savings.Mar 27, 2021 · The native PHP function mail() does not work for me. It issues the message: 503 This mail server requires authentication when attempting to send to a non-local e-mail address. So, I usually use PHPMailer package. I've downloaded the version 5.2.23 from: GitHub. I've just picked 2 files and put them in my source PHP root . class.phpmailer.php ... PHP Version: 4+ PHP Changelog: PHP 7.2: The headers parameter also accepts an array PHP 5.4: Added header injection protection for the headers parameter. PHP 4.3.0: (Windows only) All custom headers (like From, Cc, Bcc and Date) are supported, and are not case-sensitive. PHP 4.2.3: The parameter parameter is disabled in safe modeLearning PHP eBook (PDF) Download this eBook for free. Chapters. Chapter 1: Getting started with PHP. Chapter 2: Alternative Syntax for Control Structures. Chapter 3: APCu. Chapter 4: Array iteration. Chapter 5: Arrays. Chapter 6: Asynchronous programming.www.php.net – PHP distribution, tutorials, newsgroups, and more. www.phpfreaks.com - PHP and MySQL tutorials, scripts, forums, and more. www.phpbuilder.com – Collection of PHP resources. Hello World If your web server supports PHP, type this example into a text file called hello.php and access it in your browser by3. GooTA- Personal Portfolio HTML Template + PHP Full Functional Application. (no longer available) GooTA is a creative template created especially for blogs and portfolios. It was designed using the latest version of Bootstrap so it’s fully responsive and mobile-friendly.Dec 10, 2019 · Next, install PHP by running the command below. As with the previous step, you may skip installing PHP if it is already running on your system. The command below also installs libapache2-mod-php module that links Apache web server with PHP. $ sudo apt-get install -y php libapache2-mod-php. Next, install php-memcached extension. This module ... PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language widely used as a server-side language for creating dynamic web pages. Though its reputation is mixed, PHP is still extremely popular and is used in over 75% of all websites where the server-side programming language is known. PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.Jun 15, 2022 · Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once. Alternatively, there is a product called Quercus which actually runs your PHP code in Java. You can then call anything that java can from inside PHP as if it was a native function. Quercus doesn't support ALL PHP functions and commands, but you can run WordPress under without changes.PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.Oct 2, 2019 · Untuk membuat combobox bertingkat di PHP kita perlu menggunakan Ajax. Dengan Ajax kita dapat mengirim dan atau menerima data dari server tanpa harus berpindah atau reload halaman. Langsung saja tanpa perlu banyak penjelasan, silahkan ikuti langkah-langkah berikut ini: Call 662-680-2636. Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP) were treatment programs originally developed to help people struggling with mental illness. Initially called “day hospitals,” these programs were designed in the 1960s to help those who needed an intensive level of psychiatric care but who would also benefit from living in the larger ...Required Knowledge. Before you begin this PHP tutorial, it is necessary that you have a basic understanding and experience of the following: HTML - PHP can be written with HTML, so it's essential. Basic programming knowledge - If you have any traditional programming experience like C, then learning PHP will be very easy for you. Aug 1, 2023 · PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. echo and print are more or less the same. They are both used to output data to the screen. The differences are small: echo has no return value while print has a return value of 1 so it can be used in expressions. echo can take multiple parameters (although such usage is rare) while print can take one argument. echo is marginally faster than print. Create a form. We will use HTML tags to create a form. Below is the minimal list of things you need to create a form. Opening and closing form tags <form>…</form>. Form submission type POST or GET. Submission URL that will process the submitted data. Input fields such as input boxes, text areas, buttons,checkboxes etc.Aug 1, 2023 · Installed as CGI binary. Installed as an Apache module. Persistent Database Connections. — Using PHP from the command line. DTrace Dynamic Tracing. Function Reference. Affecting PHP's Behaviour. Audio Formats Manipulation. Command Line Specific Extensions. Formatter. This PHP formatter allows you to make your code readable so you can edit it in a more simple fashion. Autodetect HTML XML CSS JavaScript PHP JSON. xxxxxxxxxx. 1. Tab size.There are two string operators. The first is the concatenation operator ('.'), which returns the concatenation of its right and left arguments. The second is the concatenating assignment operator (' .= '), which appends the argument on the right side to the argument on the left side. Please read Assignment Operators for more information.Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, XML and more.PHP Manual Features Command line usage Change language: Submit a Pull Request Report a Bug Built-in web server ¶ Warning This web server is designed to aid application development. It may also be useful for testing purposes or for application demonstrations that are run in controlled environments.Return Values. Returns an array of objects containing mailbox information. Each object has the attributes name, specifying the full name of the mailbox; delimiter, which is the hierarchy delimiter for the part of the hierarchy this mailbox is in; and attributes.Note that the ; is redundant; as the answers suggest this short-tag expands to an echo with a semicolon added to the end, as per the php documents. – not-just-yeti Oct 5, 2015 at 1:25Php login script is used to provide the authentication for our web pages. the Script executes after submitting the user login button. Login Page Login page should be as follows and works based on session. Php login script is used to provide the authentication for our web pages. the Script executes after submitting the user login button. Login Page Login page should be as follows and works based on session. PHP frameworks offer several benefits, making them a compelling choice for web developers. Firstly, PHP frameworks offer a structured approach to development with pre-built components, streamlining the process, accelerating project completion, and enhancing productivity. Secondly, using a PHP framework can contribute to cost savings.May 5, 2012 · PHP Manual Features Command line usage Change language: Submit a Pull Request Report a Bug Built-in web server ¶ Warning This web server is designed to aid application development. It may also be useful for testing purposes or for application demonstrations that are run in controlled environments. Note that the ; is redundant; as the answers suggest this short-tag expands to an echo with a semicolon added to the end, as per the php documents. – not-just-yeti Oct 5, 2015 at 1:25 Mar 27, 2021 · The native PHP function mail() does not work for me. It issues the message: 503 This mail server requires authentication when attempting to send to a non-local e-mail address. So, I usually use PHPMailer package. I've downloaded the version 5.2.23 from: GitHub. I've just picked 2 files and put them in my source PHP root . class.phpmailer.php ... The user friendly PHP online compiler that allows you to Write PHP code and run it online. The PHP text editor also supports taking input from the user and standard libraries.Select Data From a MySQL Database. The SELECT statement is used to select data from one or more tables: SELECT column_name (s) FROM table_name. or we can use the * character to select ALL columns from a table: SELECT * FROM table_name. To learn more about SQL, please visit our SQL tutorial.PHP Version: 4+ PHP Changelog: PHP 7.2: The headers parameter also accepts an array PHP 5.4: Added header injection protection for the headers parameter. PHP 4.3.0: (Windows only) All custom headers (like From, Cc, Bcc and Date) are supported, and are not case-sensitive. PHP 4.2.3: The parameter parameter is disabled in safe mode The PHP concatenation operator (.) is used to combine two string values to create one string. .=. Concatenation assignment.Learning PHP eBook (PDF) Download this eBook for free. Chapters. Chapter 1: Getting started with PHP. Chapter 2: Alternative Syntax for Control Structures. Chapter 3: APCu. Chapter 4: Array iteration. Chapter 5: Arrays. Chapter 6: Asynchronous programming.PHP Version: 4+ PHP Changelog: PHP 7.2: The headers parameter also accepts an array PHP 5.4: Added header injection protection for the headers parameter. PHP 4.3.0: (Windows only) All custom headers (like From, Cc, Bcc and Date) are supported, and are not case-sensitive. PHP 4.2.3: The parameter parameter is disabled in safe modePHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server. PHP can collect form data. PHP can send and receive cookies. PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database. PHP can be used to control user-access. PHP can encrypt data. With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output images or PDF files.Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once.Also, you can increase PHP’s memory limit for specific websites. One method would be to place a php.ini file in the site’s webroot. You can even set the limit for specific scriptname.php. For example using ini_set(‘memory_limit’,’256MB’). How to increase PHP memory_limit. To increase the PHP memory limit setting, edit your PHP.ini file.PHP Variables. A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume). A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable. A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character. A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9 ... When displaying text, use nl2br() to convert newlines to <br/> tags, i.e., instead of <?php echo $row['text']; ?>, use <?php echo nl2br($row['text']); ?>. By default, browsers display newlines as spaces, therefore they have to be converted to <br/> tags. PHP Create/Retrieve a Cookie. The following example creates a cookie named "user" with the value "John Doe". The cookie will expire after 30 days (86400 * 30). The "/" means that the cookie is available in entire website (otherwise, select the directory you prefer). We then retrieve the value of the cookie "user" (using the global variable ...Aug 1, 2023 · FastCGI Process Manager (FPM) Installation. Configuration. Installation of PECL extensions. Introduction to PECL Installations. Downloading PECL extensions. Installing a PHP extension on Windows. Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command. Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize. Get 2,077 PHP website templates on ThemeForest such as Velonic - PHP Admin & Dashboard Template, Spruha - PHP Bootstrap Admin & Dashboard Template, Adminto - PHP Admin Dashboard TemplateOur basic PHP website is going to feature a home page, including biographical information and some images. For this simple PHP website, you're going to create a single PHP page populated by content from three HTML pages. The index.php file you create can then be edited by adjusting the words and images from the original HTML files.Dec 19, 2021 · Just like any other programming language, PHP also supports various types of operations like arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, etc), logical operations (AND, OR etc), Increment/Decrement Operations, etc. Thus, PHP provides us with many operators to perform such operations on various operands or variables, or values. When displaying text, use nl2br() to convert newlines to <br/> tags, i.e., instead of <?php echo $row['text']; ?>, use <?php echo nl2br($row['text']); ?>. By default, browsers display newlines as spaces, therefore they have to be converted to <br/> tags. A comment in PHP code is a line that is not executed as a part of the program. Its only purpose is to be read by someone who is looking at the code. Comments can be used to: Let others understand your code. Remind yourself of what you did - Most programmers have experienced coming back to their own work a year or two later and having to re ... PHP Resource. The special resource type is not an actual data type. It is the storing of a reference to functions and resources external to PHP. A common example of using the resource data type is a database call. We will not talk about the resource type here, since it is an advanced topic. FastCGI Process Manager (FPM) Installation. Configuration. Installation of PECL extensions. Introduction to PECL Installations. Downloading PECL extensions. Installing a PHP extension on Windows. Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command. Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize.Where src/ is the directory containing all your PHP code. Then, run the commands to build and run the Docker image: $ docker build -t my-php-app . $ docker run -d --name my-running-app my-php-app. We recommend that you add a php.ini configuration file; see the "Configuration" section for details. Learning PHP eBook (PDF) Download this eBook for free. Chapters. Chapter 1: Getting started with PHP. Chapter 2: Alternative Syntax for Control Structures. Chapter 3: APCu. Chapter 4: Array iteration. Chapter 5: Arrays. Chapter 6: Asynchronous programming.strpos () - Search For a Text Within a String. The PHP strpos () function searches for a specific text within a string. If a match is found, the function returns the character position of the first match. If no match is found, it will return FALSE.Aug 1, 2023 · The interactive shell stores your history which can be accessed using the up and down keys. The history is saved in the ~/.php_history file. The CLI SAPI provides the php.ini settings cli.pager and cli.prompt. The cli.pager setting allows an external program (such as less) to act as a pager for the output instead of being displayed directly on ... In summary, here are 10 of our most popular php courses. Web Applications for Everybody: University of Michigan. Building Web Applications in PHP: University of Michigan. Building Database Applications in PHP: University of Michigan. Building a Dynamic Web App using PHP & MySQL: Coursera Project Network. Learn Object-Oriented Programming with ... Description ¶. $_SERVER is an array containing information such as headers, paths, and script locations. The entries in this array are created by the web server, therefore there is no guarantee that every web server will provide any of these; servers may omit some, or provide others not listed here. However, most of these variables are ...www.php.net – PHP distribution, tutorials, newsgroups, and more. www.phpfreaks.com - PHP and MySQL tutorials, scripts, forums, and more. www.phpbuilder.com – Collection of PHP resources. Hello World If your web server supports PHP, type this example into a text file called hello.php and access it in your browser by Aug 1, 2023 · The simplest way to specify a string is to enclose it in single quotes (the character ' ). To specify a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash ( \ ). To specify a literal backslash, double it ( \\ ). All other instances of backslash will be treated as a literal backslash: this means that the other escape sequences you might be used to ... strpos () - Search For a Text Within a String. The PHP strpos () function searches for a specific text within a string. If a match is found, the function returns the character position of the first match. If no match is found, it will return FALSE.Jun 15, 2022 · Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once. Practice is key to mastering coding, and the best way to put your PHP knowledge into practice is by getting practical with code. Use W3Schools Spaces to build, test and deploy code. The code editor lets you write and practice different types of computer languages. It includes PHP, but you can use it for other languages too.www.php.net – PHP distribution, tutorials, newsgroups, and more. www.phpfreaks.com - PHP and MySQL tutorials, scripts, forums, and more. www.phpbuilder.com – Collection of PHP resources. Hello World If your web server supports PHP, type this example into a text file called hello.php and access it in your browser by A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables: The core way to send emails from PHP is to use its built in mail () function, but there are a couple of ready-to-use SDKs which can ease the integration: Pepipost (works over HTTP hence SMTP port block issue can be avoided) P.S. I am employed with Pepipost. @GeneCode, If something is best, then it is.PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ».

Also, you can increase PHP’s memory limit for specific websites. One method would be to place a php.ini file in the site’s webroot. You can even set the limit for specific scriptname.php. For example using ini_set(‘memory_limit’,’256MB’). How to increase PHP memory_limit. To increase the PHP memory limit setting, edit your PHP.ini file.. 561 464 1062

emabozbk.php

5 Answers Sorted by: 30 This is known as heredoc syntax. The documentation will tell you everything you need to know. Essentially, however: A third way to delimit strings is the heredoc syntax: <<<. After this operator, an identifier is provided, then a newline. The string itself follows, and then the same identifier again to close the quotation.Ejobz.org. Jl Pondok Kopi Raya Ruko Malaka Country Estate Blok A/15, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia. +1 (717)745-6490, +6281-2338-9086.162 Followers, 175 Following, 2 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Emma Bokobza (@emmabokobza) Aug 1, 2023 · The simplest way to specify a string is to enclose it in single quotes (the character ' ). To specify a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash ( \ ). To specify a literal backslash, double it ( \\ ). All other instances of backslash will be treated as a literal backslash: this means that the other escape sequences you might be used to ... The POST Method. The POST method transfers information via HTTP headers. The information is encoded as described in case of GET method and put into a header called QUERY_STRING. The POST method does not have any restriction on data size to be sent. The POST method can be used to send ASCII as well as binary data. Here we would like to show the very basics of PHP in a short, simple tutorial. This text only deals with dynamic web page creation with PHP, though PHP is not only capable of creating web pages. See the section titled What can PHP do for more information. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit ...PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. It is open-source which means it is free to download and use. It is very simple to learn and use. The files have the extension “.php”. Rasmus Lerdorf inspired the first version of PHP and participated in the later versions. It is an interpreted language and ...PHP Variables. A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume). A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable. A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character. A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9 ... Mar 27, 2021 · The native PHP function mail() does not work for me. It issues the message: 503 This mail server requires authentication when attempting to send to a non-local e-mail address. So, I usually use PHPMailer package. I've downloaded the version 5.2.23 from: GitHub. I've just picked 2 files and put them in my source PHP root . class.phpmailer.php ... Aug 1, 2023 · The simplest way to specify a string is to enclose it in single quotes (the character ' ). To specify a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash ( \ ). To specify a literal backslash, double it ( \\ ). All other instances of backslash will be treated as a literal backslash: this means that the other escape sequences you might be used to ... A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables: PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ».Untuk membuat combobox bertingkat di PHP kita perlu menggunakan Ajax. Dengan Ajax kita dapat mengirim dan atau menerima data dari server tanpa harus berpindah atau reload halaman. Langsung saja tanpa perlu banyak penjelasan, silahkan ikuti langkah-langkah berikut ini:Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once.Aug 1, 2023 · PHP-GTK related documentation is hosted on the PHP-GTK website. Documentation of PEAR and the various packages can be found on a separate server. You can still read a copy of the original PHP/FI 2.0 Manual on our site, which we only host for historical purposes. The same applies to the PHP 3 Manual . PHP-PgSQL Similarly, to use PostgreSQL with PHP you should install the php-pgsql package: sudo apt install php-pgsql Configure PHP. If you have installed the libapache2-mod-php or php-cgi packages, you can run PHP scripts from your web browser. If you have installed the php-cli package, you can run PHP scripts at a terminal prompt. PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language widely used as a server-side language for creating dynamic web pages. Though its reputation is mixed, PHP is still extremely popular and is used in over 75% of all websites where the server-side programming language is known. There are two string operators. The first is the concatenation operator ('.'), which returns the concatenation of its right and left arguments. The second is the concatenating assignment operator (' .= '), which appends the argument on the right side to the argument on the left side. Please read Assignment Operators for more information..

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